参考文献

流行病学

[1]Miettinen M,Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors--definition, clinical, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic features and differential diagnosis. Virchows Arch. 2001 Jan. 438(1): 1-12.
pubmed摘要
[2]Levy AD,Remotti HE,Thompson WM,Sobin LH,Miettinen M. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: radiologic features with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2003 Mar-Apr. 23(2): 283-304, 456; quiz 532.
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[3]Lam MM,Corless CL,Goldblum JR,Heinrich MC,Downs-Kelly E,Rubin BP. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors presenting as vulvovaginal/rectovaginal septal masses: a diagnostic pitfall. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2006 Jul. 25(3): 288-92.
pubmed摘要
[4]Todoroki T,Sano T,Sakurai S,Segawa A,Saitoh T,Fujikawa K,Yamada S,Hirahara N,Tsushima Y,Motojima R,Motojima T. Primary omental gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). World J Surg Oncol. 2007 Jun 12. 5(): 66.
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病因

[1]D'Amato G,Steinert DM,McAuliffe JC,Trent JC. Update on the biology and therapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Control. 2005 Jan-Feb. 12(1): 44-56.
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病理解剖

[1]Kindblom LG,Remotti HE,Aldenborg F,Meis-Kindblom JM. Gastrointestinal pacemaker cell tumor (GIPACT): gastrointestinal stromal tumors show phenotypic characteristics of the interstitial cells of Cajal. Am J Pathol. 1998 May. 152(5): 1259-69.
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病理生理

[1]Hirota S,Isozaki K,Moriyama Y,Hashimoto K,Nishida T,Ishiguro S,Kawano K,Hanada M,Kurata A,Takeda M,Muhammad Tunio G,Matsuzawa Y,Kanakura Y,Shinomura Y,Kitamura Y. Gain-of-function mutations of c-kit in human gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science. 1998 Jan 23. 279(5350): 577-80.
pubmed摘要
[2]Heinrich MC,Corless CL,Duensing A,McGreevey L,Chen CJ,Joseph N,Singer S,Griffith DJ,Haley A,Town A,Demetri GD,Fletcher CD,Fletcher JA. PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science. 2003 Jan 31. 299(5607): 708-10.
pubmed摘要
[3]杨永跃,张淮民,王教成,等.胃肠道间质瘤研究进展.中国现代医生.2012.48(15):13-15

辅助检查

[1]蔡亲磊,陈洋,李建军.胃肠道间质瘤的CT诊断.海南医学, 2010; 21(12):11-12.
[2]孙雪峰,张晓鹏,唐磊,等.恶性胃肠道间质瘤CT影像特点研究.中国实用外科杂志, 2009; 29(4):327-330.
[3]张晓鹏,孙应实.胃肠道间质瘤的影像学评价.中国实用外科杂志, 2006; 26(8):574-578.
[4]Rösch T. Endoscopic ultrasonography in upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors: a literature review. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 1995 Jul. 5(3): 609-14.
pubmed摘要
[5]Chak A,Canto MI,Rösch T,Dittler HJ,Hawes RH,Tio TL,Lightdale CJ,Boyce HW,Scheiman J,Carpenter SL,Van Dam J,Kochman ML,Sivak MV Jr. Endosonographic differentiation of benign and malignant stromal cell tumors. Gastrointest Endosc. 1997 Jun. 45(6): 468-73.
pubmed摘要
[6]Palazzo L,Landi B,Cellier C,Cuillerier E,Roseau G,Barbier JP. Endosonographic features predictive of benign and malignant gastrointestinal stromal cell tumours. Gut. 2000 Jan. 46(1): 88-92.
pubmed摘要 | 全文链接
[7]Blay JY,Bonvalot S,Casali P,Choi H,Debiec-Richter M,Dei Tos AP,Emile JF,Gronchi A,Hogendoorn PC,Joensuu H,Le Cesne A,McClure J,Maurel J,Nupponen N,Ray-Coquard I,Reichardt P,Sciot R,Stroobants S,van Glabbeke M,van Oosterom A,Demetri GD. Consensus meeting for the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Report of the GIST Consensus Conference of 20-21 March 2004, under the auspices of ESMO. Ann Oncol. 2005 Apr. 16(4): 566-78.
pubmed摘要 | 全文链接
[8]Debiec-Rychter M,Wasag B,Stul M,De Wever I,Van Oosterom A,Hagemeijer A,Sciot R. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) negative for KIT (CD117 antigen) immunoreactivity. J Pathol. 2004 Apr. 202(4): 430-8.
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诊断标准

[1]Fletcher CD,Berman JJ,Corless C,Gorstein F,Lasota J,Longley BJ,Miettinen M,O'Leary TJ,Remotti H,Rubin BP,Shmookler B,Sobin LH,Weiss SW. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A consensus approach. Hum Pathol. 2002 May. 33(5): 459-65.
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诊断程序

[1]中国胃肠间质瘤诊断治疗专家共识(2011年版)
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鉴别诊断

[1]唐涛. 与神经纤维瘤病i型伴发的胃肠道间质瘤临床病理学和分子遗传学研究进展[J].临床与实验病理学杂志,2010,26(3):353-355

治疗目标

[1]中国胃肠间质瘤诊断治疗专家共识(2011年版)
全文链接
[2]胡伟,顾锡,冬张勤,等.胃肠问质瘤的诊治进展.浙江临床医学.2011;13(3):344-346

治疗细则

[1]NCCN. The NCCN soft tissue sarcoma clinical practice guidelines in oncology (version 2.2011).
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[2]中国胃肠间质瘤诊断治疗专家共识(2011年版)
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[3]Otani Y,Furukawa T,Yoshida M,Saikawa Y,Wada N,Ueda M,Kubota T,Mukai M,Kameyama K,Sugino Y,Kumai K,Kitajima M. Operative indications for relatively small (2-5 cm) gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach based on analysis of 60 operated cases. Surgery. 2006 Apr. 139(4): 484-92.
pubmed摘要
[4]Casali PG,Jost L,Reichardt P,Schlemmer M,Blay JY. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2009 May. 20 Suppl 4(): 64-7.
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[5]秦新裕,刘凤林.胃肠道间质瘤的研究进展与展望.中华普通外科杂志,2007,22(8):561-563.
[6]何纯刚, 陈利生, 李君,等. 胃肠道外间质瘤的临床特征、治疗与预后. 中华普通外科杂志.2007;22(8):579-581.
[7]Badalamenti G,Rodolico V,Fulfaro F,Cascio S,Cipolla C,Cicero G,Incorvaia L,Sanfilippo M,Intrivici C,Sandonato L,Pantuso G,Latteri MA,Gebbia N,Russo A. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): focus on histopathological diagnosis and biomolecular features. Ann Oncol. 2007 Jun. 18 Suppl 6(): vi136-40.
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[8]Showalter SL,Lloyd JM,Glassman DT,Berger AC. Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the pancreas: case report and a review of the literature. Arch Surg. 2008 Mar. 143(3): 305-8.
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[9]Blay JY,Bonvalot S,Casali P,Choi H,Debiec-Richter M,Dei Tos AP,Emile JF,Gronchi A,Hogendoorn PC,Joensuu H,Le Cesne A,McClure J,Maurel J,Nupponen N,Ray-Coquard I,Reichardt P,Sciot R,Stroobants S,van Glabbeke M,van Oosterom A,Demetri GD. Consensus meeting for the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Report of the GIST Consensus Conference of 20-21 March 2004, under the auspices of ESMO. Ann Oncol. 2005 Apr. 16(4): 566-78.
pubmed摘要 | 全文链接
[10]Blesius A,Cassier PA,Bertucci F,Fayette J,Ray-Coquard I,Bui B,Adenis A,Rios M,Cupissol D,Pérol D,Blay JY,Le Cesne A. Neoadjuvant imatinib in patients with locally advanced non metastatic GIST in the prospective BFR14 trial. BMC Cancer. 2011 Feb 15. 11(): 72.
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[11]Sjölund K,Andersson A,Nilsson E,Nilsson O,Ahlman H,Nilsson B. Downsizing treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors improved resectability. World J Surg. 2010 Sep. 34(9): 2090-7.
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[12]Dematteo RP,Ballman KV,Antonescu CR,Maki RG,Pisters PW,Demetri GD,Blackstein ME,Blanke CD,von Mehren M,Brennan MF,Patel S,McCarter MD,Polikoff JA,Tan BR,Owzar K. Adjuvant imatinib mesylate after resection of localised, primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Mar 28. 373(9669): 1097-104.
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[13]Li J,Gong JF,Wu AW,Shen L. Post-operative imatinib in patients with intermediate or high risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2011 Apr. 37(4): 319-24.
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[14]Zhan WH,Wang PZ,Shao YF,Wu XT,Gu J,Li R,Wan DS,Ding KF,Shi YQ,Yu JR,Lu HS,Zou XM,Bi JW,Sun YH,Lu YF,Chen DD,Zhang XH. [Efficacy and safety of adjuvant post-surgical therapy with imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients with high risk of recurrence: interim analysis from a multicenter prospective clinical trial]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Sep. 9(5): 383-7.
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[15]Corless CL,Ballman KV,Antonescu C,et al. Relation of tumor pathologic and molecular features to outcome after surgical resection of localized primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) : Results of the intergroup phase ! trial ACOSOG Z9001. J Clin Oncol,2010,28(15 Suppl):a10006.
[16]Joensuu H, Eriksson M, Hartmann J, et al. Twelve vs 36 months of adjuvant imatinib as treatment of operable GIST with a high risk of recurrence : final results of a randomized trial (SSGXVIII/AIO). J Clin Oncol,2011,29(Suppl):aLBA1.
[17]DeMatteo RP,Owzar K, Antonescu CR, et al. Efficacy of adjuvant imatinib mesylate following complete resection of localized, primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) at high risk of recurrence:The U. S. Intergroup phase " trial ACOSOG Z9000 [C/OL]. 2011 [2011-07-29]
[18]Demetri GD,von Mehren M,Blanke CD,Van den Abbeele AD,Eisenberg B,Roberts PJ,Heinrich MC,Tuveson DA,Singer S,Janicek M,Fletcher JA,Silverman SG,Silberman SL,Capdeville R,Kiese B,Peng B,Dimitrijevic S,Druker BJ,Corless C,Fletcher CD,Joensuu H. Efficacy and safety of imatinib mesylate in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors. N Engl J Med. 2002 Aug 15. 347(7): 472-80.
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[19]Zalcberg JR,Verweij J,Casali PG,Le Cesne A,Reichardt P,Blay JY,Schlemmer M,Van Glabbeke M,Brown M,Judson IR. Outcome of patients with advanced gastro-intestinal stromal tumours crossing over to a daily imatinib dose of 800 mg after progression on 400 mg. Eur J Cancer. 2005 Aug. 41(12): 1751-7.
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[20]Rios M, Lecesne A, Bui B, et al. Interruption of imatinib ( IM) in GIST patients with advanced disease after one year of treatment: Updated results of the prospective French Sarcoma Group randomized phase ! trial on long term survival. J Clin Oncol,2007,25(18 Suppl): 10016.
[21]Al-Batran SE,Hartmann JT,Heidel F,Stoehlmacher J,Wardelmann E,Dechow C,Düx M,Izbicki JR,Kraus T,Fischer T,Jäger E. Focal progression in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors after initial response to imatinib mesylate: a three-center-based study of 38 patients. Gastric Cancer. 2007. 10(3): 145-52.
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[22]DeMatteo RP,Maki RG,Singer S,Gonen M,Brennan MF,Antonescu CR. Results of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy followed by surgical resection for metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Ann Surg. 2007 Mar. 245(3): 347-52.
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[23]Raut CP,Posner M,Desai J,Morgan JA,George S,Zahrieh D,Fletcher CD,Demetri GD,Bertagnolli MM. Surgical management of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors after treatment with targeted systemic therapy using kinase inhibitors. J Clin Oncol. 2006 May 20. 24(15): 2325-31.
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[24]Jones RL,McCall J,Adam A,O'Donnell D,Ashley S,Al-Muderis O,Thway K,Fisher C,Judson IR. Radiofrequency ablation is a feasible therapeutic option in the multi modality management of sarcoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2010 May. 36(5): 477-82.
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[25]Rajan DK,Soulen MC,Clark TW,Baum RA,Haskal ZJ,Shlansky-Goldberg RD,Freiman DB. Sarcomas metastatic to the liver: response and survival after cisplatin, doxorubicin, mitomycin-C, Ethiodol, and polyvinyl alcohol chemoembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2001 Feb. 12(2): 187-93.
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[26]Blanke CD,Rankin C,Demetri GD,Ryan CW,von Mehren M,Benjamin RS,Raymond AK,Bramwell VH,Baker LH,Maki RG,Tanaka M,Hecht JR,Heinrich MC,Fletcher CD,Crowley JJ,Borden EC. Phase III randomized, intergroup trial assessing imatinib mesylate at two dose levels in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors expressing the kit receptor tyrosine kinase: S0033. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Feb 1. 26(4): 626-32.
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[27]Li J, Shen L, Gong J, et al. The efficacy of dose escalation in Chinese patients with advanced GIST after 400 mg imatinib resistance : aprospectivestudy [C/OL]. 2011 [2011-07-29].
[28][43] Demetri GD,Huang X,Garrett CR,et al. Novel statistical analysis of long-term survival to account for crossover in aphase ! trial of sunitinib (SU) vs. placebo (PL) in advanced GIST after imatinib (IM) failure. J Clin Oncol,2008,26 (15 Suppl):a10524.
[29]Demetri GD,van Oosterom AT,Garrett CR,Blackstein ME,Shah MH,Verweij J,McArthur G,Judson IR,Heinrich MC,Morgan JA,Desai J,Fletcher CD,George S,Bello CL,Huang X,Baum CM,Casali PG. Efficacy and safety of sunitinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumour after failure of imatinib: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2006 Oct 14. 368(9544): 1329-38.
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[30][44] Wiebe L,Kasza KE, Maki RG, et al. Activity of sorafenib (SOR) in patients (pts) with imatinib(IM) and sunitinib (SU) -resistant (RES) gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) : A phase n trial of the University of Chicago Phase II Consortium. J Clin Oncol,2008,26(15 Suppl):a10502

随访要点

[1]中国胃肠间质瘤诊断治疗专家共识(2011年版)
全文链接

预后

[1]杨永跃,张淮民,王教成,等.胃肠道间质瘤研究进展.中国现代医生.2012.48(15):13-15