问诊与查体

关键诊断因素

  • 危险因素 (常见)
  • 诱发因素 (常见)
  • 胸痛 (常见)
  • 呼吸困难 (常见)
  • 面色苍白、大汗、烦躁不安 (常见)
  • 第四心音 (常见)

危险因素

  • 年龄 (强)
  • 性别 (强)
  • 家族史 (强)
  • 代谢综合征 (强)
  • 肥胖 (强)
  • 吸烟 (强)
  • 血脂异常 (强)
  • 高血压 (强)
  • 糖尿病 (强)
  • 不健康生活方式 (强)

其它诊断因素

  • 恶心、呕吐 (常见)
  • 心动过速 (常见)
  • 心脏杂音 (不常见)
  • 晕厥 (不常见)
  • 颈静脉怒张、第三心音、肺部啰音... (不常见)
  • 全身症状 (不常见)
编写者:廖华

参考文献

[1]Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-Elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascul
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[2]柯元南, 陈纪林. 不稳定性心绞痛和非ST段抬高心肌梗死诊断与治疗指南. 中华心血管病杂志. 2007. (04): 295-304.
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[3]Shaper AG, Pocock SJ, Walker M, Phillips AN, Whitehead TP, Macfarlane PW. Risk factors for ischaemic heart disease: the prospective phase of the British Regional Heart Study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1985. 39(3): 197-209.
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[4]Akhter N, Milford-Beland S, Roe MT, Piana RN, Kao J, Shroff A. Gender differences among patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in the American College of Cardiology-National Cardiovascular Data Registry (ACC-NCDR). Am Heart J. 2009. 157(1): 141-8.
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[5]Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, Cobain M, Freiberg MS, D'Agostino RB. Estimated risks for developing obesity in the Framingham Heart Study. Ann Intern Med. 2005. 143(7): 473-80.
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[6]Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2008 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2008. 117(4): e25-146.
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[7]Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB. Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation. 1998. 97(18): 1837-47.
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[8]Levine GN, Keaney JF Jr, Vita JA. Cholesterol reduction in cardiovascular disease. Clinical benefits and possible mechanisms. N Engl J Med. 1995. 332(8): 512-21.
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[9]Kannel WB, Castelli WP, Gordon T. Cholesterol in the prediction of atherosclerotic disease. New perspectives based on the Framingham study. Ann Intern Med. 1979. 90(1): 85-91.
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[10]Wong ND, Cupples LA, Ostfeld AM, Levy D, Kannel WB. Risk factors for long-term coronary prognosis after initial myocardial infarction: the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1989. 130(3): 469-80.
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[11]Pate RR, Pratt M, Blair SN, et al. Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. JAMA. 1995. 273(5): 402-7.
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[12]Franklin BA, Kahn JK, Gordon NF, Bonow RO. A cardioprotective "polypill"? Independent and additive benefits of lifestyle modification. Am J Cardiol. 2004. 94(2): 162-6.
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